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Recent Trends of Research and Guidelines on Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation
J Korean Soc Res Nicotine Tob 2022; 13(4): 107-115
Published online December 30, 2022
© 2022 The Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

Choon-Young Kim*

Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
Correspondence to: 김춘영
서울대학교병원 강남센터 가정의학과
E-mail: omh4ever@gmail.com
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1022-8530
Received November 15, 2022; Revised November 26, 2022; Accepted December 1, 2022.
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, dis-tribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 Abstract
Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of death worldwide. It is a major preventable risk factor for malignancy, coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic pulmonary disease, and other chronic diseases. Many smokers become aware of the dangers of tobacco. However, only a few succeed in smoking cessation. For those failing to quit smoking, tobacco companies are promoting electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) as safer alternatives that can help smokers quit conventional cigarette smoking despite limited evidence of long-term health effects. Hence, the number of e-cigarette or HTP users has rapidly increased. Clinicians ask adults about tobacco product use, advise them to stop using all forms of tobacco, and provide them with behavioral support and FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation. The first-line pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation include varenicline, bupropion hydrochloride sustained release, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Some guidelines recommend a combination of varenicline and a nicotine patch over varenicline alone. As per the American College of Cardiology guideline, varenicline or a combination NRT (a nicotine patch plus a short-acting form, like nicotine gum or lozenge) is recommended for outpatients with a stable cardiovascular disease similar to the treatment given to the general population. The role of e-cigarettes or HTPs as a smoking cessation aid is unclear. Despite completely switching from conventional cigarettes to e-cigarettes or HTPs, the goal should be to stop smoking. The treatment for cessation of e-cigarettes or HTPs is generally the same as that for conventional cigarette smoking.
Keywords : Smoking cessation; Varenicline; Nicotine replacement therapy; Bupropion; Electronic cigarette; Heated tobacco product
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